Shock absorber



Jan. 14, 1930. A. F. BLANCHARD SHOCK ABSORBER Filed Dec. 1926 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 14, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ADNA F.BLANCHARD, OF AL'IOONA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO GUY C. SEATON,

' i OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

sHocK ABSORBER Application filed December 1, 1926. Serial No. 152,003.

This invention has for an object to effect improvements in theconstruction of shock Serial No. 142,288. It is an important aim toimprove the functioning of the device of my prior application, and alsoto provide a novel form of construction enabling its production with fewparts and shop operations, as well as simplifying the assemblyoperations, and minimizing the need for special tools.

It is an important object to utilize the open end of the cylindercasting to mount a combined closure head, stuffing box and check valvemounting, enabling this assembly to be put into thecylinder as a unit,and obvlatmg the need for mounting the check valve or valves in thecylinder castingdirectly, where awkward positioning of parts would beinvolved. It is is also a purpose to so form the parts that in puttingthe head in place there will be no uncertainty or need for special carein securing registry between the ports of the by passage in the casting,and ducts in the re movable head carrying the check valves. A furtherimportant object is to enable at the same time the closure of the pistonbore, and also the outer end of the large by-passage in the cylindercasting, while permitting closure of the small by-pass on the same endof the casting by an ustable screw by which the rebound check isregulated.

Additional objects, advantages and features of invention reside in theconstruction, arrangement and combination of parts involved in theembodiment of the invention, as may be understood from the followingdescription, and accompanying drawings, wherein- Fig. l is alongitudinal sectional view of one form of the new construction.

Fig. 2 is a cross section thereof, on the line.

2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. (Sis an end View of the last mentioned modification.

There is illustrated a cylinder casting or casing 10, having acylindrical bore 11 opening from the lower end, the other end beingintegrally closed and provided exteriorly with a coaxial ball 12connected with the casting body by a reduced neck 12 Reciprocable in thebore 11 there is a piston 13 constructed as disclosed in my aforesaidapplication. A main by-pass passage 14- is formed in the wall of thecylinder at one side, while a two-way and smaller by-pass passage 15 isformed in the wall at the opposite side, as shown. These passagesopeninto the bore 11 at the upper end in the same positions and relation asdescribed in my prior application, and the by-pass 15 opens into thelower part of the bore 11 as 'did the similar bypass in the said priorap- The passage 14: opens into the bore 11 near 7 the extremity of thecasting, through a port 17 while the passage 15 opens into the bore adistance thereabove through the port 20. This passage 15 is continuedrectilinearly in the wall of'th'e casting, downwardly past the port 20and through the end of the casting, being interiorly threaded from theport to its outer end, and receiving a screw 18, by which the passagebeyond the port is closed, and adjustable restriction of the port 20efi'ected. The passage 14 is broadened, as well as the port 17 toprovidefor movement of a substantial body of fluid therethrough under movementof the piston in one direction, while the passage 15 may be of muchsmaller capacity.

The lower part of the bore 11 from a distance above the port 17 to thelower end is castlng.

'33 held by screws.

finished with a planiform face.

be cut away at'all.

interiorly threaded, and screwed thereinto so as to cover the port 17,there is a head 21 having a circumscribing hexagonal flange 22 by radialpins 27 in the head. An interiorly threaded stuifing box recess 28 isformed in the outer side. of the head, a gland 29 being engaged therein,while the head is centrally bored to receive the piston rod 32 slidably.

The wall of the casting may be formed integrally with the bypasspassages therein after any approved practice. For convenience Ihaveshown the casting as consisting of a body cylinder with alongitudinal medially recessed boss 33' at one side, and a correspondingboss 31 at the opposite side.

The recesses in the bosses are closed by plates The recess in the bossis wider than the recess in the boss 31 and .forms the passage 14, whilethe recess in the boss 31 may be much narrower, and forms the passage15. The portion of the passage 15 receivingthe screw may at its lowerpart pass throughthe end of the boss spaced slightly from the plane ofthe closure plate 33.

'In Figures 5 and 6 I have shown a method of forming the by-passagesadapted to die In this instance both of the pa ssages 14* and 15,corresponding to the passages 14.- and 15 have outer walls integral withthe wall of the cylinder casting and they both extend rectilinearly pastthe ports 20 and 17 through the end of the casting, which is 21 isformed with a largerfiange than in the K first instance herein as at351, while a hexagon 22 is formed outwardly thereof. This large flangeis utilized to close the outer end of the 'passage 1-1, a gasket 35being interposed.

After screwing of the head into place to safely seal the outer end ofthe passage 14:,

the opposite edge portion of the flange 34 opposite the passage 14: iscut away to expose the end of the passage 15 and permit insertion and,adjustment of the screw 18, as before described. By the use of a propertool thisv cutting away may be done without removing the head again. Thehexagon 22 is made of .a size to avoid interference with the operationof thescrew 18, and does not require to i In the operation of thisdevice, the bore ll and all passages being filled with a proper liquid,the member 10 being connected to the frame of a motor vehicle centrallyover the axle, and the rod 32 to the axlethereunder,

The head upon compression of the spring by which the frame iscustomarily supported on the axle, the piston 13 will move upwardly.This will cause the liquid tobe moved rapidly downward through thepassage 14, and slowly downward through the passage 15. From the passage14 the liquid passes into the groove 24 of the head 21 and thenceupwardly past the valves 26 intothe borellbehind the piston. From thepassage 15 the liquid escapes slowly and directly into the bore 11behind the piston. On recoil of the vehicle spring the piston will movedownwardly, but the valves 26 being seated there will be no rapidmovement of liquid into the passage 14 and upwardly and only a slowescape of liquid from the lower-part of the bore 11v past the screw 18through the assage 15 to the upper part of the bore 11. 1

a lay-passage in the wall thereof opening on. I respective end portionsof the piston passage,

a head piece screwed into the open end of said ertain valves v in thepiston function with novel effect at the V casing beyond the adjacentend of said passage having a circumscribing groove com-. municating withthe passage, a multiplicity of ports opening. from the groove throughthe inner face of the head, and check valves mounted respectively insaid ports to oppose movement of'fluid in one direction through thesaid'by-passage.

2. The structure of claim 1 in which the 5 by-passage is of considerablewidth, opening also on the end'of the casing adjacent said head, saidhead having a flange, and a closure plate for the open end of theby-passage confined against the end of the casing by said head.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

ADNA F. BLANCHARD.

